There is evidence that a group of closely related nuclear receptors, called peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), may be involved in chronic diseases such as diabetes, obesity, artherosclerosis and cancer. The PPARs were first cloned as the nuclear receptors that mediate the effects of synthetic compounds called peroxisome proliferators on gene transcription. It soon became clear that eicosanoids and fatty acids can also regulate gene transcription through PPARs. They bind a specific element in the promoter region of target genes only as a heterodimer with the receptor for 9- cis retinoic acid, RXR (retinoid X receptor). Binding of the ligand of either receptor can activate the complex, but binding of both ligands simultaneously is more potent (1). Three PPAR isotypes have been identified: α, β (also called NUC1) and γ. PPARα is expressed most in brown adipose tissue and liver, then kidney, heart and skeletal muscle. PPARγ is mainly expressed in adipose tissue, and to a lesser extent in colon, the immune system and the retina. PPARβ is found in many tissues but the highest expression is in the gut, kidney and heart (2). The target genes of PPARα are a relatively homogenous group of genes that participate in aspects of lipid catabolism such as fatty acid uptake through membranes, fatty acid binding in cells, fatty acid oxidation (in microsomes, peroxisomes and mitochondria) and lipoprotein assembly and transport (3).
Synonym: hPPAR; MGC2237; MGC2452; NR1C1 and PPAR.
Recombinant PPARα-LBD is isolated from an E coli strain that carries the coding sequence of the human PPARα under the control of a T7 promoter. GST-PPARα-LBD has used in DNA and protein-protein interaction assays. The purified recombinant protein is greater than 95% homogeneous and contains no detectable protease, DNase and RNase activity. The protein has been tested in a SRC1 interaction assay and has been found to be ligand dependent. 20 units are sufficient for a gel-mobility shift assay and 100 units are sufficient for a protein-protein interactions assay Variable in different lots 1X PPAR dilution buffer
